What On Earth Is A Geographical 6th!?

0:00 Introduction with Loki and David Lynch. What are all these 6ths?
1:33 William Crotch (1812) and the first explanation of these chords
3:52 They are all chords on Fa (the subdominant)
6:35 Back to basics: a quick explanation of tonic, dominant etc.
8:49 Pre-cadential chords (1st inversion of the subdominant).
9:58 Origins of the Italian 6th: sharpening the top note!
11:28 Harmonic ambiguity
12:12 German 6ths
13:06 Examples in Schubert
17:32 Magical opening of windows
19:02 A summary of Italian and German 6ths
22:17 How to get Mozart out of bed. Tension & Resolution.
23:28 French 6ths and Wagner’s Tristan chord
25:48 Recap: Italian, German and French 6ths
26:26 Neapolitan 6ths
28:33 Origins of Neapolitan 6ths
29:43 The ‘Flattened Supertonic’ and Chopin
30:28 Supertonic and subdominant are closely related
32:08 An illustration from Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata
32:56 Harmony arises out of the movement of lines
33:59 Chords are functional but they are also expressive

In this video Matthew King looks at Italian, German and French 6ths which are all different voicings of the same essential augmented 6th chord. Matthew looks at the origins of these chords as expressive embellishments, and we investigate the original theory book (from 1812) by William Crotch, which describes them all as chords that are built on the subdominant. Matthew goes on finally to look at the Neapolitan 6th, a chord of magic and mystery! Much of the discussion is improvised but some of Matthew’s illustrations are notated (not always identically to what he actually plays!) and there are some wonderful examples from Beethoven and Schubert. Matthew’s conclusion is that harmonic discussion is too often rather dry and academic, but the reality of harmony is something wonderful and exciting!

With thanks to Trudi Field for asking the question which prompted this video!

Matthew King’s video on Wagner’s Tristan chord can be seen here: https://youtu.be/Aya6rG0PgRs?si=UG-9VQ-ZWPTIuM7E

The excerpts from a David Lynch interview come from this longer video: https://youtu.be/pMuLLWrpgdU?si=Wcq91ynrI4sFdSVe

The excerpt from ‘Enchanted April’ (1992) with music by Sir Richard Rodney Bennett comes from this video of the complete film: https://youtu.be/fcR76EhOdgc?si=gc0Y7IgwnGBb-5F5

William Crotch’s ‘Elements of Musical Composition’ (1812) can be found here:
https://imslp.org/wiki/Elements_of_Musical_Composition_(Crotch%2C_William)

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Commentary and piano: Matthew King
Edited by Ian Coulter Receive SMS online on sms24.me

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