AI Agents Explained for Beginners (and How They Get Hijacked)

What is an AI agent, and how is it different from a chatbot? In this beginner course you'll see the think, act, observe loop, watch an agent book a trip step by step, and learn what tools and permissions an agent should get.
Then we show, in a clearly fictional lab example, how prompt injection hides an instruction in a web page to hijack an agent, and the four rules that keep agents safe: least privilege, human approval, separating instructions from data, and logs.
No coding needed. All examples, names and data are made up for teaching.

▶ Full course: AI Hacking Crash Course: https://youtu.be/EWE7XVUplww
▶ Also: Cybersecurity Crash Course: https://youtu.be/OB485B3zFYc

Chapters
0:00 Intro
0:54 Chatbot vs agent
2:15 An agent at work
3:28 Tools and permissions
4:47 How agents get hijacked
6:36 Safe agent rules

Sources
- Gartner press release (26 Aug 2025), 'Gartner Predicts 40% of Enterprise Apps Will Feature Task-Specific AI Agents by 2026, Up from Less Than 5% in 2025': https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2025-08-26-gartner-predicts-40-percent-of-enterprise-apps-will-feature-task-specific-ai-agents-by-2026-up-from-less-than-5-percent-in-2025
- OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications 2025, LLM01:2025 Prompt Injection: https://genai.owasp.org/llmrisk/llm01-prompt-injection/
- Simon Willison, 'Prompt injection attacks against GPT-3' (12 Sep 2022): https://simonwillison.net/2022/Sep/12/prompt-injection/

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