DNA – 19 August 2025 | UPSC Daily News Analysis | Current Affairs for Civil Services Exam

Welcome to your Daily News Analysis – designed for aspirants preparing for UPSC, State PSCs, and other competitive exams. This session brings clarity to complex topics with an exam-focused approach.

📌 Topic Covered in This Session:

🔹 Major GST Reforms in India
— GST background: introduced under the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016; implemented on 1st July 2017 as a destination-based indirect tax
— Structure: CGST, SGST, UTGST, and IGST under the Dual GST Model
— GST Council: composition under Article 279A, voting pattern (Centre: 1/3rd, States: 2/3rd), chaired by Union Finance Minister

Key Features of GST
— Supply-based taxation vs. older origin-based taxation
— Subsumed central & state taxes (Excise, CST, VAT, Octroi, etc.)
— Five tax slabs: 0%, 5%, 12%, 18%, and 28%

Reforms Announced
— Reduction from four tax slabs to just two (5% and 18%)
— 90% of items from the 28% category to move to 18% slab
— 99% of items from the 12% slab to move to 5% slab
— Cheaper goods under 5%: butter, packaged food, toothbrushes, hair oil
— Middle-class relief under 18%: TVs, refrigerators, air conditioners
— Focus on simplification, technology integration, auto-refunds, faster registration

Benefits of GST Reforms
— Reduced compliance burden for startups & MSMEs
— Lower prices for essential & middle-class goods
— Streamlined tax system, curbing cascading effect
— Boost to ease of doing business and consumer confidence

🧠 This session is designed to cover both Prelims facts (Constitutional provisions, GST structure) and Mains analysis (impact of reforms, governance, economy).

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