How a Company Hooked China on Opium - Tea Led to the Opium War
🎥 Watch 300+ exclusive videos on Youtube ► https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fw/join and Patreon ► https://www.patreon.com/kingsandgeneralsKings and Generals historical animated documentary series on the history of the early modern world, India and colonialism continues with a video on how the British India Company conquered India through war, intrigue, and empire building. Previously we have covered the Rise of the British East India Company (https://youtu.be/_SHhiEISRrE), how the conquest of India started (https://youtu.be/HTUbi3h7-4g), and how India and Tipu Sultan resisted it (https://youtu.be/NoMJjyJpq-w). How did a British trading company turn China’s tea trade into an opium crisis and a war? In this episode of our British East India Company series, we follow John Company from its early foothold in Canton to its vast opium fields in Bengal. Britain wanted Chinese tea, but Qing merchants wanted silver. The Company found another way to balance the trade: grow opium in India and sell it into China through a network of private smugglers and corrupt local officials. As addiction spread and silver flowed out of China, the Qing court tried to stop the trade. Imperial Commissioner Lin Zexu seized and destroyed British opium at Canton, setting off a confrontation that merchants pushed the British government to fight. We examine how the Company profited even after losing its trade monopoly, why Qing forces struggled against Britain’s industrial military, and how the Company’s iron steamship Nemesis became one of the war’s most feared weapons. The Treaty of Nanjing ended the First Opium War in 1842. It opened new ports, imposed an indemnity, and ceded Hong Kong to Britain. The opium trade continued, leaving consequences that stretched far beyond the Company’s lifetime.
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Video: Yağız Bozan and Murat Can Yağbasan
Script: Leo Stone
Narration: Liam Taylor
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Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1OXI9gR17Iqau4BNfkdrhi1DXuNKqPUcyV0_SC2m0PJ8/edit?usp=sharing
Music courtesy of EpidemicSound
00:00:00 - How the Company Entered China
00:01:48 - Tea, Silver, and a Trade Problem
00:05:31 - The Opium Trade Begins
00:10:07 - The Company Loses Its Monopoly
00:12:42 - China Strikes Back
00:15:30 - Why China Lost the Opium War
00:18:13 - Nemesis: The Company's Devil Ship
00:21:03 - The Treaty That Changed China
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