'xargs' - execute command lines from standard input - Video Man Pages
'xargs' takes the output of one command (or contents of a file), converts it into a list of arguments, and passes that list to another command to execute.- Run a command using the input data as arguments:
command1 | xargs command2
- Count lines in multiple files:
ls *.txt | xargs wc -l
- Cat a file and use the input data as an argument:
cat file | xargs
NOTE If no xargs command is given, xargs uses 'echo' as the command.
- The same as above except it executes the command once per argument (-n 1):
cat file | xargs -n 1
- Create 10 sequential .txt files. The '-I {}' symbolizes all the input:
seq 10 | xargs -I {} touch {}.txt
- Delete files with '.log' extension found by 'find'. The -print0 in 'find' and -0 in 'xargs' use a null character as a delimiter, ensuring filenames with spaces or special characters are handled correctly.
find . -name "*.log" -print0 | xargs -0 rm -f
- Find and delete all backup files (.bak). The '-p' option is useful for destructive operations, as it displays the command to be executed and asks for user confirmation (y/n).
find . -type f -name "*.bak" | xargs -p rm
- The '-d' option sets the delimiter (spaces by default):
ls | xargs -n 1 (Files/directories with spaces are a problem.)
ls | xargs -n 1 -d \n (Uses new line as delimiter and problem solved!)
- xargs can print (-a) the contents of a file to stdout. We can use '-p' to prompt for 'y/n' before executing. We can use '-r' to only execute if stdin is not empty.
xargs -a 1.txt
xargs -p -a 1.txt
xargs -r -p -a 1.txt
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