Why Adaptability, Not Rigid Plans, Drives Green Policy Success

Why do some green industrial policies succeed while others stall? Amir Lebdioui, Director of the University of Oxford’s Tide Center, argues that governments must move beyond rigid “bowling” strategies and embrace adaptive and flexible “curling” approaches to Green strategy.

Speaking at Harvard Business School’s GIST Conference, Lebdioui uses lessons from China and Malaysia to show how state capacity, institutional reform, and adaptive learning can drive a successful green transition.

Key takeaways
• Develop adaptive capacity over perfect planning for effective green industrial policy
• Utilize cross-cutting coordination to combat environmental challenges
• Suggest iterative improvement to enhance policy outcomes
• Consider trade motivations to drive green policy
• Engage skeptical stakeholders and find common ground

Timestamps
0:00 Two roles of industrial policy in decarbonization
0:26 Learning from past successes and failures
0:50 From "bowling approach" to "curling approach" in industrial policy
1:07 Adapting to market uncertainties and technological disruptions
1:22 China's institutional reform
1:44 Green industrial policy as a dynamic, adaptive field
2:06 Trade interests vs. ecological motivations in green policy
2:26 Environmental regulations as demand creation vs. trade protectionism
2:57 Realistic expectations and avoiding perfectionist paralysis
3:42 Breaking out of academic silos and building broader coalitions

Filmed at the 2025 GISt conference hosted by Harvard Business School’s Institute for Business in Global Society (BiGS) and the Berkley Economy and Society Initiative (BESI).
Learn about the industrial policy and the GISt project: https://www.hbs.edu/bigs/green-industrial-strategy-conference Receive SMS online on sms24.me

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