How an Image Causes a Heap Buffer Overflow // libheif
How can uploading an image lead to a heap buffer overflow? Let's look at the libheif bug used in the OpenAI Discourse hack, with a visualization of image overlays, negative offsets, and what goes wrong when transparency is involved.This video is sponsored by Hextree.io, our cybersecurity learning platform.
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PREVIOUS VIDEOS
How OpenAI got hacked with an image: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjHh9g7yo9Y
OpenAI Hacked with a 1-Year-Old Bug: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qypnjORyWNI
RESOURCES
Hacktron's original research, Hacking OpenAI: https://www.hacktron.ai/blog/hacking-openai
libheif source code and format documentation: https://github.com/strukturag/libheif
Upstream commit, simplify overlay overlap area computation: https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/85e21ad44eba931314337300a2376b8d28f085ae
Discourse security advisory: https://github.com/discourse/discourse/security/advisories/GHSA-vhm9-85gw-x335
CHAPTERS
00:00 - Recap
01:05 - What's inside a HEIF or HEIC image?
03:46 - Visualizing image overlays and clipping
05:28 - What goes wrong with negative offsets?
07:59 - alpha blending
09:37 - The heap overflow
11:18 - Learning with AI
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