Inside the Mohenjo-daro Museum: How Advanced Were They?
What was life really like more than 5000 years ago at Mohenjo-daro? In this video, I take you inside the Mohenjo-daro Museum in Sindh, Pakistan, to see the incredible artefacts left behind by one of the world's earliest urban civilisations.Don't miss my full tour of the ancient Mohenjo-daro site:
https://youtu.be/c1mKmeE77Zk
Inside the museum you'll find an extraordinary collection of objects from everyday life, including ancient pottery, copper tools and weapons, stone tools and blades, fishing hooks, ploughs, water vessels, grinding stones, jewellery, beads, seals, toys, musical instruments, children's rattles, combs, mirrors, kohl containers, weights and scales, human and animal remains, and much more.
Irshad is not the person speaking in this video. However, if you’d like a guided tour of Mohenjo-daro, you can contact Irshad directly on WhatsApp: +92 0336 3417 549.
Some of the most fascinating objects are remarkably ordinary. Terracotta figurines, animal figures, toys and miniature carts give us glimpses of everyday life thousands of years ago. Other artefacts reveal the extraordinary organisation of the Indus cities, from standardized bricks and weights to wells, bathing platforms and an extensive drainage system.
You'll also see models showing how people may have lived and travelled, including houses, workshops, bullock carts, boats, wells and drainage systems. The famous Great Bath is another reminder of the sophisticated engineering of the city, although its exact purpose remains uncertain and it may have been used for ceremonies or rituals.
The museum also displays the famous "Priest King" and replicas of other iconic discoveries. But there's a fascinating twist: modern archaeology is questioning some of the names and assumptions attached to these objects. There is no clear evidence that the so-called Priest King was actually a king, and newer research is exploring the possibility that power in Indus cities was much more widely distributed.
You'll also see ancient seals covered in the mysterious Indus script. Nearly 5,000 seals have been discovered, yet the writing still cannot be fully deciphered. Archaeologists believe Mohenjo-daro may still hold clues that could help unlock this ancient writing system.
Mohenjo-daro was one of the great cities of the Indus or Harappan civilisation, which flourished across a huge area of what is now Pakistan and northwestern India. At least 1,500 Indus sites have now been identified, sharing remarkable similarities in construction, measurement and urban planning.
The site was rediscovered in the early 20th century, with formal excavations beginning in 1922. Major excavation eventually stopped in 1965 because of growing conservation concerns, and for decades archaeologists largely focused on preserving what had already been uncovered. Remarkably, only a fraction of Mohenjo-daro has been excavated.
And now, after decades without major excavation, archaeologists returned in 2025, beginning with small trial trenches and new efforts to understand the city's earliest history. One of the goals is to establish whether Mohenjo-daro's earliest settlement dates back to around 3300 BC.
The deeper we look, the more complicated Mohenjo-daro becomes. We know astonishingly intimate details about how its people lived, built, bathed and managed water, yet we still don't know what they called themselves, what their rulers were called, or exactly why their civilisation declined.
Come with me inside the Mohenjo-daro Museum and discover the incredible objects this ancient city left behind.
#MohenjoDaro #Pakistan #IndusValleyCivilisation
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